The procedure and manner related to the payment of compensation under the Land Acquisition Act, 2013 involve several steps to ensure a fair and just compensation process for landowners and affected parties. Here is an overview of the key steps and mechanisms:
1. Determination of Compensation:
- The process begins with determining the compensation amount, considering factors such as the market value of the land, value of structures attached, damages, and other relevant considerations.
2. Social Impact Assessment (SIA):
- In cases of land acquisition for private projects, a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is conducted to evaluate potential social consequences. The results of SIA may influence the determination of compensation.
3. Declaration and Publication:
- The acquiring authority publishes a declaration stating the intention to acquire the land. Simultaneously, a summary of the SIA, if conducted, is also published. This informs affected parties about the acquisition and its potential impact.
4. Notice to Interested Parties:
- After the declaration, the authorities serve notices to the landowner, occupier, and other interested parties, providing details about the compensation to be paid and the purpose of acquisition.
5. Hearing of Objections:
- Affected parties have the opportunity to raise objections to the acquisition or the proposed compensation. Hearings are conducted to consider objections, ensuring a fair and participatory process.
6. Award of Compensation by the Collector:
- The Collector, designated as the land acquisition officer, determines the final compensation amount based on factors outlined in the Act. The Collector issues an award specifying the compensation amount, and this award is served to interested parties.
7. Payment Initiation:
- Upon issuing the award, the authorities initiate the process of paying compensation. The compensation amount is typically deposited with the Collector or another designated authority for disbursement.
8. Timeframe for Payment:
- The Act emphasizes that compensation must be paid within a specific timeframe from the date of the award. This ensures timely and adequate compensation for affected parties.
9. Disbursement of Compensation:
- Compensation is disbursed to entitled parties, including the landowner, occupier, and other interested parties, as per the award issued by the Collector. The payment is made in the manner prescribed by the Act.
10. Review and Appeal:
- If affected parties are dissatisfied with the compensation awarded, they have the right to seek a review or appeal the decision in a court of law. The Act provides a mechanism for the judicial review of compensation awards.
The Land Acquisition Act, 2013 emphasizes transparency, fairness, and protection of the rights of affected parties throughout the compensation determination and payment process. The structured procedures aim to strike a balance between the needs of development projects and the interests of landowners and affected communities.
